美国宇航局好奇号探测器在火星发现蜂巢地貌
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美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的好奇号火星探测器捕捉到了这张特写视图，展现了这些多边形裂缝独特的蜂窝状纹理。
图片来源：美国国家航空航天局喷气推进实验室加州理工学院马林空间科学系统公司
火星上一片奇特的蜂窝状地貌或许保留着远古时期降雨、干旱和泥裂循环留下的痕迹。
火星表面拥有太阳系中最令人叹为观止的壮丽景观之一。
这主要归因于这颗红色星球缺乏地球所具备的若干地貌重塑过程，例如板块构造、火山活动以及地表流水。
尽管火星上存在沙尘暴，但这些沙尘暴对行星表面的改造作用十分有限，其地表在数十亿年间基本保持未受扰动的状态。
然而，这种近乎原始的地貌为科学家提供了回溯火星远古面貌的重要窗口，使他们得以逐步揭示火星久远过去的环境特征。
目前，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的好奇号火星探测器传回了一组展示多边形地貌的图像，这种独特地貌在火星其他区域有过观测记录，但对这辆汽车大小的探测器来说，还是首次观测到。
据推测，这些多边形特征是作为泥裂形成的，这一过程在发表于《自然》的一项研究中有所探讨，研究人员根据好奇号火星车在盖尔陨石坑内的观测结果推测，这些泥裂是由强烈的干湿循环造成的。
该研究最后指出，这些泥裂可能形成于诺亚纪与赫斯珀里亚纪之间的过渡时期，这一时期大约发生在38亿至36亿年前，研究人员曾推测此时火星可能拥有类似地球的气候。
然而，针对这些新发现的多边形特征，研究者认为仍需进一步工作来明确其形成机制，其直径测量约为4至8厘米。
好奇号探测器探索多边形区域
我们通过‘好奇号’火星车的镜头看到了许多令人着迷的地貌，但眼前这片多边形地貌却令我们惊叹不已。
美国宇航局喷气推进实验室好奇号火星车任务科学家阿什温瓦萨瓦达博士表示，我们对其形状和化学成分进行了细致测量，希望数据中蕴藏着这些地貌形成过程的重要线索。
如前所述，火星上多处都观测到了多边形地貌。
虽然最新发现的这些多边形地貌被推测是由泥裂形成的，但火星其他区域的多边形地貌则被认为是由冻融循环、构造应力或火山应力形成的。
虽然盖尔陨石坑并非火星上唯一观测到泥裂的区域，但它是唯一由火星车在地面进行观测的区域。
其他多边形表面特征已被轨道器在火星上观测到，特别是美国国家航空航天局的高分辨率成像科学实验轨道器。
该轨道器自2006年以来持续环绕火星运行，提供了堪称最为震撼的火星图像。
地面观测与轨道观测之间的一个主要区别在于多边形的尺寸，地面观测到的多边形大小与好奇号近期探测到的多边形相当，而轨道器所观测到的多边形则大得多，直径范围在15米至350米以上（约50至超过1000英尺）。
火星多边形揭示了关于水的哪些信息
火星上呈现大型多边形的区域实例出现在被称为撞击坑底部多边形（CFP）的地貌特征中，这些地貌呈现出巨大的、有裂缝的表面，这可能预示着过去曾存在过地表水。
这些有撞击坑底部多边形的区域包括希腊平原、诺亚地和玛格丽特高地，其中希腊平原是火星上最大的撞击盆地，直径约2300公里（1400英里），低于火星基准面（即火星的零海拔点）7000多米（23000英尺）。
如今，火星是一个寒冷干燥的星球，其表面仍留存着可能发生在该行星前诺亚纪、诺亚纪，甚至可能是赫斯珀里亚纪的地质过程痕迹，这几个时期估计总共跨越了45亿年至30亿年前的时间段，而当前所处的是亚马逊纪。
未来几年和几十年里，科学家们会对火星上的多边形地形有哪些新的见解呢？只有时间能给出答案，而这正是我们从事科学研究的意义所在
改编自《今日宇宙》杂志的一篇文章。
相关知识
火星是redplanet。
火星是太阳系中距离地球第二近的行星，也是唯一一个有moons的红色行星。
它的surfacetemperaturerangesfrom140℃to20℃,andithasadaylengthofabout24.6hours.火星的atmosphereiscomposedof95%carbondioxide,3%nitrogen,and2%othergases.Itisthesmallestplanetinthesolarsystemandhasthesmallestdiameter,about6792km.火星hastwomoons,PhobosandDeimos.Phobosisthelargermoon,withadiameterofabout22km,andDeimosisthesmallermoon,withadiameterofabout6km.TheRedDotonMarsisaseriesofcratersontheplanetssurfacethatarecausedbytheimpactofsmallspacerocksandcomets.TheRedDotislocatedintheMartianLinda,whichisaregionoftheplanetthatiscoveredbyalargeamountofice.TheRedDothasadiameterofabout160kmandisabout100kmdeep.TheRedDotisanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheRedDotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.Watericeisanimportantcomponentofthe火星isredplanet.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimateandgeology.TheReddotisalsoanimportantfeatureofMarsbecauseitisoneofthefewplacesontheplanetwherewatericecanexist.WatericeisanimportantcomponentoftheMartianenvironmentandmayplayaroleintheplanetsclimate
BY: Laurence Tognetti, Universe Today
FY: AI
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